My experience in demo teaching

Hello friends, here I am going to share my experience of  demo Teaching. Actually I have given two Demo lectures, first at Nandkuvarba Mahila College and second at Sardar Patel Education Institute (Golden Star package).

I was very excited when I gave my first demo lecture at NMC. The staff of NMC had given me topic of Criticism before a week for better preparation, so that I can deal with the class easily. I have to prepare myself for "Functions of Criticism" by T.S Eliot. I have read through many sources and prepared one powerpoint presentation, even if there is no facility of projector. Then I have made hard copy of my slides to teach in non-technical classroom.

Function of Criticism: T.S Eliot from Hema Goswami

I have to deliver lecture around 45 minutes but unfortunately I have finished my topic in 20 minutes and in other 20 minutes I do just interaction. That time students have exams after attending demo lectures, so their half mind is in exam only. That's why they are not so much attentive in class. I notice one thing that student who is sitting in back benches are continuously talking. To catch their attention I have started talking about films because mostly students of young age are fond of films. Then suddenly they have started giving more attention and also answering to my question. My two competitors are PhD Degree holders. So, I was little bit nervous, but when the stage is provided to deliver lecture, then I built full of confident because the stage is not new for me, I used to give presentations during my Masters, I used to spoke in front of many students and teachers. Therefore I gave my best and it was really very amazing experience. I was not selected as a lecturer there and it doesn't make any difference because the process is important then the end result. I have learnt so many new things and that is my fruit of success.


Second time I went to to give Demo lecture at Sardar Patel Institute for High School Teacher. The process is different than NMC because they have not given any book or material earlier to prepare. We have to prepare on the spot before one hour. They have shown me two books and I can select any book of my interest and any chapter or poem from it. I have selected "Vistas", NCERT English book of class 12th. I was lucky because this is the same book which I have studied during my 12th. So I have selected one chapter that is "The Tiger King". I still not forget this chapter because during my study I have learnt "The Tiger King" with full of focus. There I have 30 minutes only but I gave my best and was selected. My main aim is to gain experience of teaching only because I am fresher and wherever you apply experience is must required. There my competitor is much experienced man but because of his low pitch he is not selected. To deal with class full of students around 40, you need high pitch. Now the real journey begins. Now we are in market and we should know that where we stand and what is the value of our education.
Many friends are shocked because they think that I will deal with college only. They used to say that "You are SET clear, so you can get government job easily", the truth is nothing can achieve easily. This is only the first step and you know the lines from Robert Frost's poem "Stopping by woods on a snowy evening" :-
"Miles to go before I sleep........" that is very much applicable to any person.

Film Review: Kalank

5 May 2019

The film Kalank  is directed by Abhishek Varman and produced by Karan Johar, Sajid Nadiadwala, and Fox Star Studios. This can be categorised as family film without any bold scenes. While watching film I have marked many points which raise conflict in the ideologies of Rich and Poor, Man and Woman, Hindu and Muslim. This is not mere romance drama but there is Pre-Partition rumblings.
Flashback technique is used in which Roop (Alia Bhatt) narrates entire events to the journalist and in between the narration, film is taking shape. Costumes, Lights, Camera etc is perfect. Set is highly decorative which catch the eyes of audience. There is one extra scene in which Zafar( Varun Dhawan) is fighting with Bull. That is useless computerized scene and nothing is connected to proceed the story. This is serious scene but makes audience laugh because of bad computer graphics in which the horrible bull is looking funny while jumping just like any animated cartoon.


1. Sacrifice

In the very first scene after "Masaledar song of Rajvadi Odhni" Roop (Alia Bhatt) take serious mode of action. Satya Chaudhary (Sonakshki sinha) the rich Rajputani who is struggling between life and death wants Roop to become life partner of Dev Chaudhary (husband of Satya). Roop denied her proposal because she did not want to sacrifice her dream. But her father forced her to go with Satya because her sacrifice will make her younger sister's life easy.

The second big sacrifice is done by Satya herself because she is sacrificing her husband's love and ready to organise marriage between Roop and Dev.

The third sacrifice is done by Bahaar Begum (Madhuri Dixit) who sacrificed her son for getting love of Balraj Chaudhary (Sanjay Dutt), the father of Dev Chaudhary.

What these women get in return?
The sacrifice of these women leads to the tragic end. They didn't get anything in return, Roop has to spent entire life with Dev and has to forget her lover Zafar, who died while partition. Satya died with cancer and after her death, Dev attracted towards Roop. Bahaar Begum didn't get love by Balraj and lost everything, her son, her hope to get her love back.

2. Patriarchy

Power of patriarchy is clearly visible through the character of Balraj Chaudhary, Zafar, Dev Chaudhary. They make use of women' feeling for their own benefit. They are in ruling power because important family decision is taken by them only. This shows the real picture of society and it will take decades to change the mindset of society. Even women are accepting their rule with happiness.

Zafar, who is illegitimate child of Balraj Chaudhary wants to take revenge and therefore uses Roop, to fool her in his love trap, Balraj easily leaves Bahaar Begum when she becomes pregnant, Dev Chaudhary is ready to marry with another woman.


3. Conflict between Hindu and Muslim (Conflict between Modern and traditional ideas)

The story takes place in Husnabad city, near Lahore, where Muslims are in majority. Chaudhary family is ruling over the majority group even if they are in minority. They are not listening the problems of Blacksmith and wanted to establish huge industry. Dev Chaudhary wants to estanlich huge industry, his thoughts are modern whereas  Abdul doesn't wanted industries because he thinks that with the establishment of industry, there handwork will carry no meaning and they will loose their job. These two characters are holding different ideologies: Traditional and Modern and conflict between these ideologies.

4. Old Archetype of two lost brothers

In these story Dev and Zafar are brothers, but the truth about their relations reveal at the end of the story. Balraj himself tell this truth to Dev. This is common and very old archetype because many films have same kind of story in which two brothers realised their relationship at the end. From beginning they are fighting with each other, but when truth reveals they stop everything and becomes brothers in true sense.

Deconstruction theory

Reading with the aim of unmasking internal contradictions: In this film there is one scene in which Roop is arguing with Satya to learn music from Bahaar Begum. Satya tell her that the place Hiramndi where Bahaar Begum is living is not for noble people. But Roop wants to go there and her obstinacy forced Balraj to allow her to go there. In this scene may be the director wants to prove that in front of women stubborneess no one can win and wants to show women empowerment may. But he fails because even if she is allowed to go, she has to carry servant with her who will notice what she is doing, like a surveillance camera. It means that freedom is given in part not whole. At one hand there is theme of women empowerment and at another there is still some kind of  rule by power structure which doesn't allow them to do what they want to do.  In the next scene when Roop wants to publish her article about the story of Hiramandi then also her story got rejected by her husband. This is another example of patriarchy also. Whatever be the reason behind the rejection, the interpretation come out is that there is not full freedom for women, they got freedom in parts rather than whole.



In the end Alia Bhatt ask to audience that what they have seen in the film because there are number of possible interpretations. Some will look at film as an Political satire, some will think about conflict in religion, some will find it as only romantic film. There are different angles and it depends on the eyes of audience that what they want to look or want to interpret as per their own thinking or belief. 

Old newspaper and Bollywood

Interesting News Item from old newspaper of the year 1972

Bollywood

All have different kind of interest in different areas. There are all kind of columns in newspaper for the readers. Mine interest is in Bollywood news. I am always looking for news item related to the recent film, New faces in the field of acting, their background and many more. So here I have found some pictures or news of Bollywood from very very old news paper of the year 1972. 

Why I am interested in Bollywood news?

This news article is about the success of Raj Kapoor. In the very beginning there is explanation of Raj Kapoor's affair with the actress Padmini, and how he launch her in his film "Jis Desh mai Ganga Behti hai". In the beginning of the cinema there used to lots of controversy regarding female star because rigid society doesn't allow female artist to work in film. If they are working more or earning more then their family put the barrier of marriage and stop their career. Same thing happen in the life of the famous actress Padmini. She is emerging as a new star but because of marriage her career suddenly falls down and she has to reject all the offers of the film. But in the life of male artist marriage doesn't cause any serious harm. They can continue their work without restrictions from family. Raj Kapoor then move on in his life and started making more hit films. "Sangam" released in the year 1964 and become the Magnum Opus of Raj Kapoor. Its Box office collection is 8 crore.

Shows the reality behind the curtain

Bollywood news always shows the reality that what is happening behind the camera or curtain. It tells about the life of the famous stars. Whenever we saw hero on screen we started thinking like he is the best, he is an ideal but we forgot that these all qualities which were shown onscreen are like mask on the face which used to attract audience. It makes people blind follower. But when we read the controversial news then we get the truth that what is the reality of star off screen.

Related to our life events

Bollywood is the mirror of society because it reflects the condition of common man or the conflict between rich and poor. This kind of conflict can be seen everywhere in the society. Bollywood portrays the characters in the relevance of current situation. There is struggle in the life of common man for job, for their basic rights, for basic requirements etc. Bollywood also covers all areas like religion, festival, politics, education, scientific development, business etc which make it perfect for all the classes.

Glamorous world

There is specific page, Page 3 for the glamour world of Bollywood which shows the trend of film-city, fashion sense and its competition with the foreign world.

Entertainment

The important feature of filmy gossip is to make us entertain and we never get bored. Normally political news make us bore when it shows only fakeness but in Bollywood news even if there is fakeness we feel entertained.

There is not much change in the news pattern of Bollywood. It is same as it was in past. But now there is special column with some specific masala title according to the language of  various region. Now the news of TV serials got same platform as like Bollywood, earlier there are not much TV shows. 

Function of Criticism: T.S Eliot

Function of Criticism: T.S Eliot from Hema Goswami

Assignment: Mass Media and Communication

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Mass communication

M.K Bhavnagar University

Department of English

Sem 4

Name- Hema Goswami

Roll no. 13

Enrollment no. 20169108420180020

Paper no. 15 Mass Communication and Media Studies

Topic: Mass communication

Introduction

Mass media means technology that is intended to reach a mass culture. In mass communication people exchange their information through mass media. Mass communication is generally happens between two or more person in which they send information from one person to other.

Mass communication

Communication – sending of a message from one person to another, in simplest terms - has been one of the oldest characteristics of human life. Even when formal languages were not available, people were able to make each other understand their feelings and gestures to accomplish routine tasks. There is no trace available as when the languages came into being, the communication among people, however, got on faster track than before with the availability of formal languages in the form of symbols, gestures, body expressions and words. Since those times the communication has been shaping into different forms and is supposed to be the key element in creation of different subjects and passing on experiences of one generation onto the next. Starting from sending and receiving information amongst few individuals to high number of people, the Communication is now well classified into different categories. Although main focus here is the mass communication, it is pertinent to understand some basic elements, fields and concepts of elementary communication before entering the very complex and widely exploited world of mass communication.

Basic Concepts of Communication

Well, the world communication has its origin in the Latin word COMMUNIS which stands for common or to create commonness with the people around you. This is possible when you share your feelings and ideas with others.

Writing on paper by hand must have brought joy to people for sending their messages across to many others, after that, the invention of printing overwhelmed efforts to give new dimensions to communication.

This further led to setting up a whole new printing industry world over followed by modern means of communication, which will be discussed in detail in this course.

Why need communication?

     

     1 .     Survival

The foremost reason to communicate to others for the human beings in particular is their own survival. There is hardly any sense in believing that a person can all alone live a life by fulfilling its daily life needs. The fact is that every next moment a person is dependent on others to survive. Hence it is inevitable for all of us to bank on communication.

     2.     Co-operation

There is a very genuine instinct in all the living creatures to cooperate with each other to keep the cycle of life running. Humans need this more cautiously as to keep their hard felt sense of superiority.

     3.     Relationships

Feeling of keeping a range of relationship from an individual to family and tribe was strong from early days of human civilization. It would have been extremely difficult to promote a life style without acknowledging the relationships among people living together for some time. Communication was essential. To identify relations among people to accomplish different tasks.

    

     4.     Persuasion

Communication proved handy in the course of persuasion and influence others to keep the human civilization grow. The task is done even today, though, with different techniques and in a rather complex world of communication.

     

     5.     Power

Better communication helped people and tribes to command power over others. This phenomenon is more evident in the fields of conflict and to bring the enemy down. To muster support by using better communication skills has always been the hallmark of human interactivity.

Major Fields of Mass Communication

General Information The main field of mass communication has been to inform people at large about things which are in their immediate interest. This includes the vast area of news, views and current affairs. Apart of specific nature of news etc. people are also informed about entertainment which may include sporting events, music or recreation. To educate masses is also part of mass communication by exploiting all the means at hand to address a distant and high concentration of individuals.

     

        1  .     Public Relations

Although this area of mass communication has assumed new dimensions in the modern world, keeping relations with various types of public has its traces from ancient history. This area has proved handy to organized and corporate sectors, which have a defined purpose to achieve by keeping relations with audience of their choice.

     2.     Publicity

Publicity, which is more known as advertising, is definitely an outcome of modern means of communication for it largely depends on the technology being exploited to address masses for purely commercial purposes. So enormous has been the impact of advertising through means of mass communication that a huge advertising industry has come up offering tens of thousands of jobs of different nature to people across the world (Contributors of Zainbooks )

Types of Mass communication

1.     Advertising- It encourages the audience to buy the product or use the service.  Because advertising generally takes place through some form of mass media, such as television

2.     Journalism-  It refers to the study of the product and production of news, It further divides into three types- Alternative, public and citizen.

3.     . Audio Media- Radio is considered the most widely accessible form of mass communication in the world and the medium used to greatest degree in the United States.

4.     Convergence- Convergence refers to the coming together of telecommunications as forms of mass communication in a digital media environment.

5.     Film and television- film and television are the significant media for mass communication (contributors of wikipedia)

Conclusion

To sum up, Communication is thus a process by which meaning is assigned and conveyed in an attempt to create shared understanding. Gregory Bateson called it "the replication of tautologies in the universe. This process, which requires a vast repertoire of skills in interpersonal processing, listening, observing, speaking, questioning, analyzing, gestures, and evaluating, enables collaboration and cooperation (Contributors of wikipedia)

Works Cited

Contributors of wikipedia. Communication. 28 march 2019. 6 april 2019 <https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communication&oldid=889917137>.

contributors of wikipedia. Mass communication . 2019.

Contributors of Zainbooks . "Introduction to mass communication ." zainbooks.com. <http://www.zainbooks.com/books/mass-communication/introduction-to-mass-communication_1_mass-communication%E2%80%93an-overview.html>.

Assignment: The African Literature

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Religious controversy in Swamp Dwellers with present corrupt Religious Gurus

M.K Bhavnagar University

Department of English

Sem 4

Name- Hema Goswami

Roll no. 13

Enrollment no. 20169108420180020

Paper no. 14 – The African Literature

Topic: Religious controversy in Swamp Dwellers with present corrupt Religious Gurus

Introduction

Ethnic and Religious conflict is common in almost all countries. But India is always forward in ethnic and religious group. The Swamp Dweller by Wole Soyinka is a blunt exposition of religious controversy through the character of Kadiye. It is said that Rural people easily get s convinced by the middleman. They started believing in religious Gurus blindly without thinking in deep that whatever they are told is their own word not God words. All are human and have same tendency. All have power to change their life. There is no need of support, specially the support of corrupt Gurus. But rural people take time to think. Whereas the people of urban area are smart enough that they didn’t believe in all these false religious practices. We can see the contradiction between the thinking of Awuchike and his father Makuri, brother Igwezu. Makuri lives with old traditional values whereas Awuchike learns to move forward.

Corrupt priest Kadiye

Kadiye is a symbol of religious hypocrisy in Swamp Dwellers. He lives in typically cultural and economical backward society of Africa. He knows very well how to use people, how to make people blind in faith with sugar coated words or false promises. Kadiye promised Igwezu that village will be free from rain but his promise is fake. He is not the middleman of God. Igwezu gets the truth in the end. The character of Kadiye is convincing in the play. Wole Soyinka presents the real picture of society of Africa. Kadiye is self centered and he only thinks about himself not other. He wears mask on his face that most religious Gurus are wearing. There is nothing new. This become as age old tradition that every village has its corrupt priest over which all believe blindly. There are many Kadiye all over the part of world.  They live life by fooling others. This becomes their habit that they don’t realize what harm they are doing with the world. In this story kadiye is more like Villain. The portrayal of kadiye, his characteristics signifies evil character. He is immoral and doesn’t follow any kind of morality but force other to be moral. He is rich enough that he can help the poor, but still he keeps on looting people through fake religious practices and becoming richer day by day. He is aware about the problem or weakness of society but he takes benefit of the weakness and makes his plus point. All the villagers treated him as a Godfather. But Kadiye indulge villagers in meaningless cult. Kadiye takes all the harvest of villagers in the name of Serpent whom villagers believe as their God. No one questions where the harvest goes because they have fear in mind that if they raise doubt or question then the God might become angry. Therefore they keep their mouth shut.

Exposing Kadiye

Wole Soyinka is very critical about the character of Kadiye and portrays the real picture. He exposes the character of kadiye through the protagonist Igwezu. Soyinka presents Igwezu as a perfect character who thinks about his family, village and didn’t stay in city like his twin brother Awuchike by forgetting culture and tradition of village. Igwezu is an ideal son of the village who is loyal to his tradition. At first he blindly trust in religious practices and indulge in religious cult followed by Kadiye for the betterment of his village. He feels that all this is necessary rites required by the deity to ensure a good harvest and a happy life. He short stay in city to try his hand to make more money but he fails because he is not corrupt like his brothers. Awuchike becomes wealthier and therefore seduces Igwezu’s wife Desala contrary to the spiritual values of the swamp. Still Igwezu do not overcome his tragic situation of life. He returns to his village back. He has hope in mind that he can live with his harvest and can feed himself and his parents. But that hope is also gone with the village dwelling in swamp, there is excessive rain which washes away all the harvest. Igwezu tragedy is more severe because he returns with a hope to recover from all his despair by harvesting his crops. But he discovers with utter disappointment. The flood ruined his farm.

Izwezu trust over Serpent and Kadiye is shaken because he thinks that even if he is more loyal or righteous yet so forsaken. He requires the priest of the serpent to overcome this trouble of life. But when he faces failure in life then he started questioning or doubting the false religious practices that are guided by Kadiye. He questions Kadiye and makes him speechless. He knows that how much he gave to him still in return his get disappointment. So he comes to know that nothing is true all religious practices is fake. The Kadiye thus trapped by Igwezu red handedly. Igwezu leaves the village in the end. Therefore kadiye is responsible in making life of Igwezu tragic ( Contributors of Literary articles)

Corrupt Religious Gurus of India

    

    1.   Asharam

He is sentenced to life for raping girl.  He is convicted of the 2013 attack on the girl. Before exposing this truth he is very famous religious guru of India. People are blindly following him without any doubt. People are become emotional fools and when they realize then there is already too late for them to come out of this shock. He has very strong believers, that’s why he can easily fooled people (editors of BBC news).

    2.   Radhe Ma

She is an Indian spiritual leader. She is also used to fool people in the name of religion. She started gaining more followers from Mumbai, Delhi and other cities. She has affair with many and used to dance in public shamelessly. She is totally opposite from other religious gurus. She lives her life with fakeness and used to misguide people. She used to wear red clothes all the time. She came under scanner in 2015 for several criminal charges (Joshi)

Conclusion

Thus, we can say that some religious gurus Like Kadiye are corrupt everywhere. It doesn’t matter that from which place they belong. For the sake of money they can do anything in the name o religion. They never think of other, they are always self centered and think of their own benefits and work accordingly.

Works Cited

Contributors of Literary articles. Kadiye in Sawmp Dwellers: A Symbol of Religious Hypocrisy. 16 february 2009. <http://www.literary-articles.com/2009/02/character-of-kaiye-in-sawmp-dwellers.html>.

editors of BBC news. "Asaram Bapu: Indian guru sentenced to life for raping girl." Controversy. 2018.

Joshi, Sahil. "I met Radhe Maa for an interview. This is how she shocked me." 2017.

Asssignment: New Literature

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Unreliability of History and Memory in Sense of an Ending

M.K Bhavnagar University

Department of English

Sem 4

Name- Hema Goswami

Roll no. 13

Enrollment no. 20169108420180020

Paper no. 13 – The New Literature

Topic: Unreliability of History and Memory in Sense of an Ending

Introduction

The Sense of an Ending is a novel written by Julian Barnes in 2011. There is unreliable narrator Tony Webster who narrates his life events. First person narrative is never reliable because there are no other views of different person who are involved in the life of the narrator. So whatever truth we are getting is half truth. But when we come to know about the truth then entire narrative fails. Same is the case with Tony Webster’s narrative. When truth revealed in the end then nothing remains in his life, it is already sense of an ending.

Concept of unreliable memory

In our life also the point came when all the imperfections of memories meets the inadequacies of documentations. No one can trust their memory fully. There remains some kind of confusion. It happens that our own views of life remains incomplete. Sense of an Ending tells us that it may happen that our own views, lives would be inaccurate. Even if research done in this field then the result will come of series of false memories in the lives of people.

Tony Webster’s Narration

Tony Webster receives a letter explaining that he has been left the diary of his closest friend from school, Adrian. From there the process of false memories began. There is inadequacy of document because Tony has received only half diary and full diary was torn apart by Veronica, his Ex-girlfriend. Veronica refuses to give him complete diary.  The diary has been left to him by the mother of Veronica, Mrs. Sarah Ford. Diary becomes a medium for the reunion of Tony and Veronica after so many years. When Tony broke up with Veronica, then Adrian came in the life of her. Afterwards Tony becomes busy in his life and started doing job. He never wishes or thinks of meeting Veronica again in his life. But circumstances make them to meet again. This time it is because Tony wants to know the reason that why Mrs. Sarah Ford given him a diary of his school friend Adrian? Why not to Veronica?  What is the relation between him and Veronica’s mother? Why she has Adrian’s diary with her? Veronica is Adrian’s girlfriend then why not Adrian gave his diary to her?. There are series of questions moving inside the mind of Tony Webster. Therefore at last he decided to contact Veronica to know the truth. But he has not any contact of her. Then he realizes that he can contact with Jack, Veronica’s brother and ask him to give the email id of Veronica. He received mail id from him and then text Veronica to meet. He asked so many questions to her but Veronica is always complex in her thoughts, she is not easily understood by anyone. She talks with lot of secrecy. Tony never gets what she wants to convey till the last. She also becomes angry with Tony that he never gets the truth, and he will never get. Then she decides to move on, and never meet to Tony anymore.  After the last meeting tony realize that he is lacking something, he then started visiting the same place which Veronica had shown him in their last meeting. After so many visits one day he saw the same group of boys which Veronica show him before. Now he started looking on them consciously to get the meaning. Then he realized that one of the boy who is deformed is exactly looking like Adrian Finn, his school friend. He didn’t get time to recognize that he will be surely the son of Veronica and Adrian. He realized that he has done serious mistake. He thinks that because of his curse to Veronica and Adrian, they get deformed son. He then went back to home and typed an email again to Veronica to say sorry.  Still he has inadequacy of document or unreliable memory which never is trusted. Veronica replied, “You don’t get it, but then you never did, so stop trying.”

Tony becomes more confuse and this is not the first time,. He always gets confused whenever he received any answer from Veronica. This time he decided to visit that place of pub again. He talks with one of the caretaker of Adrian’s son who reveals that, the man is actually the son of Veronica’s mother Sarah Ford, making him Veronica’s half brother. Then Tony realized that Veronica was right that he never gets things properly, now it is too late for him. It is already the sense of an Ending, he get sense at his last stage of life. He lives with imperfect memory throughout his entire life. He has half truth with him and only one perspective. He never tried to look from other angles. Therefore whatever he has narrated is just unreliable narrative, the truth is totally different form his narrative. He realized that all mistake was done by him and his last letter to Veronica and Adrian did all the damage because in that letter he consult Adrian to meet Veronica’s mother. After that all damage began in the life of Adrian, who has committed adultery. May be in guilt he has committed suicide. Therefore at last Tony become only reason to destroy the life of his friends, his letter did serious damage. He also gets the meaning of the equation of Tony in the last (Barnes)

b= s-v +,x a1

or a2+ v+ a1 x s= b

The two equations represent Adrian’s speculations as to the child’s paternity. In one equation the father is A1, means Adrian. In the other he appears to A2, means Anthony Webster. “B” refers to the Baby, V’ for Veronica, S’ for Sarah Ford The ending of the diary with sentence, “So if Tony…..leads to various interpretations (wikipedia contributors)

Now Tony gets the meaning of history from his memory that-

“History is not the lies of victors, as once I glibly assured Old Joe Hunt; I know that now. It ‘s more the memories of the survivors, most of whom are neither victorious nor defeated.”

Conclusion

So Tony has distorted view of his life and history. We all have our different versions of life, we all have our story that we told to others. But it is only that the story from one perspective. At last we realized that whatever we have told is just the recollections of things from our own perspective which may be lie or false. Tony comes to realize that the distortion of his memory can change anything that he has believed true for so long. This is simple case because it happens in life of everyone. No one reminds memories thoroughly, distortion is natural. If we look from other side then we can get that Tony’s false narration in a way protects him to take all the blame of Adrian’s suicide. False memories can avoid traumatic thinking of life (Knott)

“What you end up remembering isn’t always the same as what you have witnessed.” (Shampa)

Works Cited

Barnes, Julian. The Sense of an Ending. New York: Alfred. a Knopf, 2011.

Knott, Lauren. The Sense of an Ending – and why we are wired to produce false memories. 18 April 2017. <https://theconversation.com/the-sense-of-an-ending-and-why-we-are-wired-to-produce-false-memories-76031>.

Shampa, Kurtz. The Sense of an Ending question. 3 october 2011. 2016 <https://www.goodreads.com/topic/show/675357-what-do-people-think-of-the-ending-spoiler-alert>.

wikipedia contributors. The Sense of an Ending. 25 June 2018. 6 April 2019 <https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Sense_of_an_Ending&oldid=847423248>.