Sunday, 8 December 2019

Lap of honor


Unit 4
Murray  Halberg’s Lap of Honour’
By Maurice Shadbolt

About the writer
Maurice Shadbolt was a new Zealand writer. He was born on 4th June 1932. Shadbolt wrote 11 novels, four collections of short stories, two autobiographies, a war history, and a volume of journalism, as well as plays. His first collection of short stories, “The New Zealanders” won publication in the United Kingdom, as well as New Zealand.

Murray Halberg



This story is about the famous runner of New Zealand who has won 5000-metre race at the Rome Olympic Games in 1960. His left arm was paralysed after the accident in football match. Then he left football  and basketball and took up athletics.
-        
           Physical appearance

Murray did not have a big, strong body. His weight is about 57 Kilogrammes. One sport writer who saw him said that he looked more like a refugee from a prison camp than an athlete. He is thin young New Zealander with the ugly, crooked style of running. It seemed that he has no muscles.
-       
               Coach of Murray Halberg
  
In 1951 Murray met a man called Arthur Lydiard, who became his coach. Lydiard is famous long-distance runner. He has new ideas for the training of athletes. When Murray Halberg face defeat in Olympic games in Melbourne then he and his coach Lydiard decided a new plan for all these races. Lydiard had found that most runners were in habit of slowing down a little when they were about three laps away from the end of the race; then, when they got their breath back, they would make the last jump for victory. Lydiard thought it was at this point that Halberg should make his great effort.
-          Games in the life of Murray
i)                    New Zealand one-mile and two mile race
Murray won New Zealand one-mile and two-mile junior championship. In 1954 Murray became famous after running a mile in 4 minutes 4.4 seconds.
ii)                   United States
Murray was invited to run in the United States. He beats the best runners in the United States and ran a mile in just over 4 minutes.
iii)                 British Commonwealth Games in Vancouver, Canada
In 1954 Halberg ran against Roger Bannister in the mile race at the British Commonwealth Games.
iv)                 Olympic Games in Melbourne, Australia
Murray has prepared a lot for this Game because mere stamina was not enough to win Olympic Games. But in this Game Murray became nervous and took the lead from the start. That was his biggest mistake which leads to his defeat. He was completely disappointed at this failure.
v)                  Three mile races
After getting defeat in Australia, Murray has decided to run in three miles races means 5000 metre instead of one mile that is only 1500 metre. His timing in these races was much good as the best in the world.
vi)                 British Commonwealth Games at Cardiff, Wales
Halberg won the race easily in record time. He breaks the record of Alby Thomas of Australia in this race. It was his first great international success.
vii)               Rome Olympic of 5000-metre race
Halberg has won Rome Olympic and it was his biggest victory. It changed the life of Murray Halberg because after that he had almost left athletics. In this race Murray defeats German and Australian runners. Hans Grodotski, a German was only few distance away from Halberg but at that time Halberg loses his stamina and stragth. His body was crying out for rest. But his mind and spirit could not allow the body to win. Halberg prepared himself for the last effort and won the race. He fell down into the tape. His friends gathered around his body, but there was that faint smile on his face.
-          Change in Murray’s mindset
Murray has decided that he will not run in 10,000-metre race. His desire to win was gone. Now he wants to spent time for his family. His wife had given birth to daughter. Murray was happier after hearing this news. This happiness is greater than those victories of races.
-          Charity work
Murray has decided to work for crippled, disabled children of Canada. A lot of money was raised and it was used to help these children. He has also taken this task in New Zealand. Many sportsmen joined him in this work and given fund for Murray Halberg Trust fund. Murray has changed the life of two disabled children. One of them is the boy who had lost both his feet, but ran on the remaining body part in a race for crippled children. Another boy whose entire body was paralyzed below his shoulder won a prize for swimming 400-metre in open sea.

Conclusion

The new victories which Murray is winning in his work for crippled, paralyzed children are far more meaningful than that famous victory in Rome Olympic. In this way Murray changed his entire life. He has never given up at any cost. When he was paralyzed then all his family members lost their hope but Murray has decided to try hand in another sport.  After that when he has got much fame already, decided to work for some other cause which will add meaning to his life. Now he wants to live for his family, for other disabled children in order to give them motivation.

Super trains for tomorrow



Super Trains for Tomorrow by Anthony paul



Best Railway system in Japan

Japan has best railway system in the world today. It has exceeded the speed of the fastest train of India which is having the speed of 120 km an hour only. Japan’s Bullet trains are running with the speed of 200 km an hour.

Japan is a developed country even after the disastrous attack of nuclear bomb, Second world war in 1945. Geographical structure is also not perfect for railway lines because it is made of four large islands, and mountains cover three-quarters of the land area. This makes it difficult to have a good railway system. But Japan never thinks of negativity. With positive mind and positive attitude they make everything possible and perfect.

Tokyo and Osaka

Tokyo and Osaka are very much crowded cities. Traffic between these two cities is always overcrowded. This part of the Japan has the greatest population because most of the factories are situated here. Even the fastest train was not enough because of overloading.

Railway lines in Japan from beginning

Japan has best Railway system. If an express train is late by more than a few minutes, The JNR (Japanese National railway) often returns a part of the fare to the passengers.
The JNR running 122 passenger trains and 78 goods trains every day in each direction. JNR is ready to spend more money on Railway lines even if railway all over the world facing loss due to increase in road and air transport.
According to the statement of the head of JNR, Shijni Sago
“If we cannot run our trains between Tokyo and Osaka, then Japan will never prosper”
i)                    Tokaido Line

The head of JNR has asked to his engineer to build a completely new system for Railway. Hence they have build Tokaido Line between Tokyo and Osaka. It was started in 1964. It has carried 500 million passengers saving them 1200 million hours in travelling time. Therefore production in the factories is also raised by 2812 crores.

ii)                   Seikan Tunnel

Japanese government has build Seikan tunnel to connect the two islands, So that JNR will run through this Tunnel. It was necessary because of unclear route. Trains had to be carried out from one island to another. Tsugaru strait, which separates the main island of Honshu from Hokaiddo, cannot be crossed by a bridge because it was the largest of four islands. In 1954 Toya Maru (Ferry ship) sank while crossing this bridge because of storm. Mostly bridges are swept away in a storm. Therefore with Seikan tunnel the journey from Tokyo and Sappora, the capital of Hokkaido will be cut down to about 5 hours from 16 hours.

iii)                 Problems regarding Tokaido Line

-Tokaido Line is not able to carry all the passengers and goods.
-Great noise is created by Bullet Trains of Tokaido Line.
- These trains are too slow for the needs of the future.
-Any train running on wheels cannot go faster than 300 km an hour.

iv)                 Problems regarding Hovertrain
-Hover trains which are used today in few places of France and Germany are also not applicable for Japan because of its great noise.
-It is noisier than the Bullet Trains because of the fans which keep the whole train above the ground.
-It cannot run through Tunnels because there would be not enough air to support its fan system.

v)                  A Magnetic Train

Scientists have discovered a Magnetic train which runs on the principles of North and south poles of magnet. If two Magnets have same pole they will repel each other, however opposite poles attracts each other. Same formula was applied in train system where the track and the train having same positive electrical charge or same poles which pushed away or repelled the train from the track. Thus the train will float a few centimeters above the track. It was tested in Japan in 1972.

Conclusion
This was a very small beginning, but the JNR plans to run, perhaps within next five years, magnetic trains carrying 100 passengers between Tokyo and Osaka, at a speed of over 500 km an hour. The day may soon come when trains will fly across the countryside at almost the speed of airplanes. When that day comes, Then JNR will be in first position.

Sunday, 8 September 2019

Best Dramatist: Ravindranath Tagore and T.P Kailasam


-         Rabindranath Tagore as a poet, dramatist, and Novelist



About Tagore

Rabindranath Tagore was born on 7th May 1861 in Calcutta and died on 7th August 1941. He was short story writer, song-composer, playwright, essayist and painter. He has also introduced new prose and verse forms. He has introduced Indian culture to the west. Therefore he was regarded as the outstanding creative artist of 20th century, India.  He has received Nobel Prize for literature. The name of his father was Devendranath tagore who was a religious reformer.
Tagore has completed “Manasi” in 1890. It is a collection of poems as well as social and political satire. In 1891 Tagore went to East Bengal (now in Bangladesh) to manage his family’s estates for 10 years. There he often stayed in a houseboat on the Padma River in close contact with village life and later on he has wrote much about Village.
His love for Bengali countryside was reflected in his work “humble lives and small miseries”. During 1890s Tagore has published several poetry collections like “Sonar tari” means the Golden boat in 1894,.

Founder of Shantiniketan

In 1901 Tagore founded an experimental school in rural west Bengal at Shantiniketan.  He settled permanently at the school, which became Vishva Bharati University in 1921. His later poetry was affected by his personal life because he has faced the death of his wife and two children. Therefore sadness can easily identify in his poetry. This was introduced in “Gitanjali” (1912) which contains English translations of religious Bengali poems. Tagore won nobel prize for for “Gitanjali” in the year 1913.  He was also awarded with Knighthood in 1915 but he has given it back as a protest against Jallianwala bagh Massacre.

Tagore as a Dramatist

Tagore’s experience  with drama began when he was sixteen, with his brother Jyotindranath. His first dramatic piece is “Valmiki Pratibha”. He wrote this work when he was just twenty year old. Tagore stated that his work focuses on “ the play of feeling and not of action”. In 1890 he wrote Visarjan (an adaptation of his novella Rajarshi), which has been regarded as his finest drama. Such works includes subplots and extended monologues. Later on Tagore’s dramas used more philosophical and allegorical themes.

-Dak Ghar
His one of the best play “Dak Ghar” (The post office; 1912) describes the child “Amal” who lives in his adoptive uncle’s home. He has an incurable disease. Therefore Dak ghar deals with death as, in Tagore’s words “spiritual freedom” from the worls of wealth.

-Chandalika
Another important play is Chandalika. It is a story of an untouchable girl. It is based on ancient Buddisht story in which the disciple of Buddha, Anand asks a tribal girl for water.

-Raktakarabi
This play is an allegorical struggle against a king who rules over the residence of Yaksha Puri.

-Rabindra Nritya Natya
Chitrangada, Chandalika and Shyama are the key plays that have dance drama adaptation, which together are known as Rabindra Nritya Natya.

Tagore as a short story writer

Tagore began his career in short stories in 1877 when he was only sixteen. His first short story is “ Bhikharini” (The beggar Woman). The four years from 1891 to 1895 are  known as Tagore’s “Sadhana” period. It means in these four years he has contributed a lot for his magazine “Sadhana”. In “Galpaguchchha” there is collection of 84 stories. Such stories usually showcase Tgaore’s reflections upon his surroundings, on modern and fashionable ideas and on interesting mind puzzles.
Other short stories
-Kabuliwala, 1892 (The fruitseller from Kabul)
-Kshudita Pashan, 1895 (The Hungry stones)
- Atithi, 1895 (The Runaway)
These stories focuses on downtrodden life or poor people.

Tagore as a novelist

Tagore wrote eight novels and four novellas. The names of some of his works are:-
-Chaturanga
-Shesher Kobita
-Char Odhay
-Naukadubi
- Ghare Baire
-Gora
-Jagojag

-Ghare Baire ( The Home and the world)- is written through the lens of idealistic Zamindar Nikhil. He is the protagonist of this story. It deals with the theme of Indian Nationalism, terrorism, and religious Zeal in the Swadeshi movement. This novel ends with Hindu-Muslim Violence.

-Gora, is the fifth in order of writing and the longest of Tagore’s twelve novels. In is about debate on politics and religion. Gora (Whitey) is an Irish boy and he is raised by Hindu.  He falls in love for a Brahmo girl.  It consist of two parallel love stories. One is Gora with Sucharita and other is Binoy with Lolita. Their emotional development is shown in the background of the social and political problems.

-In Jagojag (Relationship), The heroine Kumidini is influenced by the ideals of Shiva and Sati. Tagore deals with feminist reading and theplight of women trapped by pregnancy, duty, and family honour. The story revolves around  the two rival families- The Chatterjees( Biprodas) and The Ghosals (Madhusudan). Kumidini is the sister of Biprodas, belonging to aristocrat family. She is caught between the two as she married to Madhusudan.

Tagore as a Poet

Internationally, Gitanjali is Tagore’s best known collection of poetry, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1913.

Besides Gitanjali, other notable works include:-

-Manasi
-Sonar Tori (Golden Boat)
- Balaka (wild geese)(the title is metaphor for migrating souls)
Tagore’s poetic style proceeds from classical to comic, visionary. He was influenced by Vyasa, author of Upanishad, the Bhakti-sufi sant Kabir and Ramprasad sen.

Later on with the development of new poetic ideas in Bengal- many originating from younger poets seeking to break with Tagore’s style. But Tagore absorbed new ideas which allowed him to develop unique identity. Example of this includes “Africa” and “Camalia”, which are among the better known of his latter poems.


Q2- T.P kailasam’s plays

Introduction

Thanjavur Paramsiva Kailasam was a playwright and prominent writer of Kannada literature. His contribution to Kannada theatrical comedy earned him the title of ‘Prahasana Prapitamaha’, the father of humorous plays and later on he was also called ‘Kannadakke Obbane Kailasam’ meaning ‘one and only Kailasam for kannada.
He was born in Tamil family in southern Karnataka, India. His father T. Paramsiva Iyer was the chief Justice of the Mysore High Court. Kailasam had a good education and was supported by maharaja of Mysore to study geology in London.  He spent six years in school in England and participatinf in theatre whenever possible.
After returning from abroad he has joined government job but soon quit to write plays. His father plan for him is different who wanted him to become the Director General of the Geology Departmenht. Therefore Kailasam stop talking to him.
Plays
Kailasam had written many plays in both Kannada and English. His books in Kannada Language are:-
-Makala school mana alawa
-Sikarni
-Savitri
-Sathavana santhapra
-Haninabal Kanirranu

English Plays:-
-Fulfillment
-Purpose
- The Brahmin’s curse

T.P Kailasam has written seventeen social Dramas. All of tehm deal with the common man’s every day life. His style of writing is different, some readers find difficult to read the titles of the plays because of kannada language. He uses Telugu, Tamil, Urdu with kannada and Enflish in his plays. In is known as “Kanglish”. According to him he uses real language of the common man. So his style of writing is realistic.

Kailasam uses realistic characters in all his plays. All his characters are the middle class men and women of south Indian society. Kailasam’s popularity lies in humour Brilliant conversation with rhyming. The dialogues make the audience laugh. Because of the unique theme of Drama, Kailasam becomes the great writer of India.
-
-The play “Purpose’ is based on the famous Mahabharata story focusing on the incident of Eklavya, Arjun and their partial mentor Draunacharya. Kailasam puts the minor character Eklavya in center and Arjun at periphery. He gives voice to a low caste Nishada Boy Eklavya.

-The play “Fulfilment” is based on the character of Mahabharata. Eklavya, the Nishad boy and Krishna, the chief of Vrishnis.  It is a sequel to “Purpose”. The play full fledged with three acts. In the last act eklavya meets his end by Krishna’s hands.

-The play Brahmin’s curse is again based on the story of Mahabharata. It is about the tragic prince “Karna”. It is not very difficult for Kailasam to turn Karna’s life into tragic dram because the life of Karna is already full of tragedy in Mahabharata.






Monday, 12 August 2019

My wild dog Booto


My wild dog Booto
-          -Mike Tomkies

Q1. Describe the relationship or the friendship between the writer and his dog Booto.

Ans.  About the author



Mike Tomkies was a British author covering subjects such as natural history, biography and fiction. He was a naturalist and filmmaker who has inspired thousands with his brutally honest accounts of almost 40 years experience living in the wildest and most remote parts of Canada and Spain. He originally came to public attention as a Hollywood journalist, reporting for the London Times. Mike developed his fascination with nature and adventure in the English countryside that surrounded him. He was assigned as a Hollywood columnist at the age of 38 but soon decided to get away from it all and shifted to the Canadian wilds.

He spent most of his time living alone and surviving mainly off the sea. This was where he begins his wildlife studies, which over three years developed into the book “Alone in the wilderness”.  Running short on funds, Tomkies returned to writing in Hollywood, accompanied by Booto, a stray wild dog who had adopted him in Canada. After another year in the wilds of Canada, Tomkies bid a very sad farewell to old Booto and returned to Hollywood for more amazing experiences with major film stars.


About the wild dog Booto

Booto is part Alsatian, part Labrador. He has thick jaws and gentleness with humans. He is quarter wolf, as one could see from his long, curved bushy tail. He had come from north with a couple who later left him. He was very young, but he learned to take care of himself. In summer he lived on snakes and other small animals which he hunted: in winter he begged from the cabins of wood cutters and fisherman. He has very kind nature even if his past is troubled. His intelligence can conquer even the worst of surroundings.

Relationship of Booto with the writer

This story is all about the relationship of Booto with the author. They  have very strong relationship because both are emotionally connected with each other. The author found Booto in British Columbia, on the pacific coast of Canada. He was living at the coastal area to write a novel. For seven months he had lived all alone in his wooden cabin. He first saw Booto when Booto was very thin. The bones showed through his coat. He was very hungry. The author read the words from the eyes of Booto that he is in search of food. Author gave him all the meat and after that Booto thanks author in many different ways.

Booto thanks the writer by whining, burying his wet head in the writer’s lap, pawing at the leg of writer, reacting to his every look or movement.
So in this way both become friends and now the writer’s loneliness broke. Booto is very smart dog. He already knew several tricks to melt the stony heart of the people by sit up and beg for food, crossing his white paws or rolling on the ground etc. The writer taught him the first trick of how to bark softly. At first the writer shows him by imitating the bark of the dog. Booto caught all the things and learned quickly. Then onwards he used to bark as per the command of his owner. The neighbor Fred Jackson told him the history of the dog Booto.

When the writer facing the scarcity of money then he has decided to worked in Hollywood, where he used to work in his past life. He bought cheapest second hand vehicle Milk truck to live in which later on become his home on wheels. He is worrying about Booto that how could he live in city because he has spent his life in forest area and he is free creature. He decided that he should not take Booto along with him to the city, Los Angeles. Therefore he has decided to leave him with Fred Jackson. When Booto was not present then the writer finds easier to leave. When he is driving his Milk truck then found Booto who is running along with the truck. The writer increased his speed but stopped after Kilometers because he will not live without his pet. Therefore they together set off for Hollywood. Soon Booto adjusted himself to the city. The writer has find first rented room in which the intelligence of Booto helped him because the landlord doesn’t want to rent his house to the writer. Landlord is worried about the loud barking of dog which used to awake him all the night. But the writer convinced him that Booto is different than other dog and he only barked according to the command. He has demonstrated the skill of Booto then the Landlord has given him rented house.
Booto used to wander outside when he get bored with the sound of the typewriter. One day he went to restaurant and there one magician take him and started playing magical tricks with him to entertain the audience.  The writer had a hard task getting Booto back. Magician is impressed by the tricks played by Booto and he wants to buy him but the writer doesn’t want to sell Booto at any cost. The writer was jealous when Booto performed tricks for someone else.

Again the writer has decided to shift to the coastal area of Canada and ask to government for some land. After getting the permission he went to Canada again. Both lived there for two years. Then the writer has decided to return to Britain where he was born. He wanted to write about the wilds, for those people who had no idea of the happiness that could be found there, this time he gave Booto to his neighbor and say last goodbye to him. Now the writer is living in cottage near Scottish lake. He used to get all the news about Booto from his neighbor through letter. In this way his friendship with Booto is one that he can never forget.




Miracle of the Shattered Madonna



Miracle of the Shattered Madonna

About the Writer:  Janet Graham
Janet Graham is an English composer, music educator and music therapist. She was born in Consett on 4th June 1948 and studied composition at the Royal Academy of music.
In this work of “Miracle of Shattered Madonna” Janet has described the condition of “Pieta” The statue of Virgin Mary after the attack by Madman. Whole story is about the reparation process done by scientists for 10 months to make statue as it is.

Miracle of the shattered Madonna

The story starts with the description of the location of the beautiful Madonna’s statue. The name Madonna is derived from Italian word “Ma Donna”, meaning ‘My Lady’. It is most commonly refers to Mary, mother of Jesus. The statue is located at St. Peter’s Church in Rome. Usually people who are worshippers of Mary visit this place. It was always crowded with tourists.

-About the statue

The name of the statue is “Pieta” which means “The pity”. It is a work of the famous painter Michelangelo. It is situated in St. Peter’s Church in Vatican City of Rome. This work depicts the body of Jesus on the lap of his mother Mary after the Crucifixion. The Madonna is represents as being very young for the mother of an approximately 33 year old son. Various explanations have been suggested for this. One is that her youth symbolizes her purity, as Michelangelo himself said to his biographer.  The shine of the transparent marble statue is mesmerizing. The statue reflects the sad beauty of Madonna’s youthful face.

-Attack by a Madman

One day when tourists were watching the beauty of Madonna, a man from crowd with his newly purchased hammer strike almost half of the statue into several pieces. Soon the guard has caught him. The man is 34 year old Australian. He is mad and woman-hater, who said God, had ordered him to ‘kill’ the Madonna.

-Broken condition of Madonna

The left arm of the Madonna was broken into three pieces at the elbow, wrist and the fingers. The tip of the nose was also damaged. The veil (transparent material or net) were injured in several places. One eyelid was dangerously damaged.  There are fifty large broken pieces and 150 smaller lay on the floor. Other pieces had turned out into powder.

-Restoration process

Many states or country offered help for the reparation but Rome has already started working on it. There were team of seven scientists and restorers. The director of scientist Research laboratory Dr Vittorio Federici is the leading figure under his guidance the process of restoring the statue began. The task was done in ten months. Firstly they did experiment in laboratory for four months and then they have applied all the successful experiments on the original statue.  Luckily they have Plaster cast (A copy of the original statue), so that they can do the needful repair by looking on it.
The first task is about gathering all the fragments of the statue. Some of the pieces are missing which later on returned by post when the men who have taken the pieces during attack heard the news of restoration.  The men were an American tourist and a worker of hospital.  But still many pieces are missing.

The scientists have filled the missing part with the matching material with same transparency as like the original statue.  Some missing fragments are recreated by Giusepe Morresi with semi liquid mixture of plastic and marble powder. A glue is used which gets hardened when dried up and it can also be corrected by using Alcohol.  But still scientists are not able to maintain the translucent shine at some places where the mark of grease lies.  No chemicals worked. Later on these stains were successfully removed by cellophane after drying the statue with infra-red lamp.
Each and every time photographs were to be taken to find out minor errors so that the restorers can remove it.  They worked on face on November 13th because they need so many experiments before working on face so that the gentleness and softness of the face could not be lost. 
The glue which is applied on statue is supported by wooden plates but it flattened the new pieces, therefore they removed it and pasted it again with successful attempt. The left broken arm was attached with a steel rod and filled with glue by pumping the glue upwards. At last they have washed the statue with pure water. Workers have purposely left one mark on veil as an evidence or proof of attack.

In this way Madonna regained her sweetness of expression.

Conclusion

This story symbolizes scientific progress of modern world which makes everything possible. There is nothing impossible.  Human brain is the most advanced tool for any kind of restoration. So if violence increase on the negative side then scientific development will also takes drastic change on the positive side to keep balance.










Wednesday, 22 May 2019

My experience in demo teaching



Hello friends, here I am going to share my experience of  demo Teaching. Actually I have given two Demo lectures, first at Nandkuvarba Mahila College and second at Sardar Patel Education Institute (Golden Star package).
I was very excited when I gave my first demo lecture at NMC. The staff of NMC had given me topic of Criticism before a week for better preparation, so that I can deal with the class easily. I have to prepare myself for "Functions of Criticism" by T.S Eliot. I have read through many sources and prepared one powerpoint presentation, even if there is no facility of projector. Then I have made hard copy of my slides to teach in non-technical classroom.



Function of Criticism: T.S Eliot from Hema Goswami

I have to deliver lecture around 45 minutes but unfortunately I have finished my topic in 20 minutes and in other 20 minutes I do just interaction. That time students have exams after attending demo lectures, so their half mind is in exam only. That's why they are not so much attentive in class. I notice one thing that student who is sitting in back benches are continuously talking. To catch their attention I have started talking about films because mostly students of young age are fond of films. Then suddenly they have started giving more attention and also answering to my question. My two competitors are PhD Degree holders. So, I was little bit nervous, but when the stage is provided to deliver lecture, then I built full of confident because the stage is not new for me, I used to give presentations during my Masters, I used to spoke in front of many students and teachers. Therefore I gave my best and it was really very amazing experience. I was not selected as a lecturer there and it doesn't make any difference because the process is important then the end result. I have learnt so many new things and that is my fruit of success.


Second time I went to to give Demo lecture at Sardar Patel Institute for High School Teacher. The process is different than NMC because they have not given any book or material earlier to prepare. We have to prepare on the spot before one hour. They have shown me two books and I can select any book of my interest and any chapter or poem from it. I have selected "Vistas", NCERT English book of class 12th. I was lucky because this is the same book which I have studied during my 12th. So I have selected one chapter that is "The Tiger King". I still not forget this chapter because during my study I have learnt "The Tiger King" with full of focus. There I have 30 minutes only but I gave my best and was selected. My main aim is to gain experience of teaching only because I am fresher and wherever you apply experience is must required. There my competitor is much experienced man but because of his low pitch he is not selected. To deal with class full of students around 40, you need high pitch. Now the real journey begins. Now we are in market and we should know that where we stand and what is the value of our education.
Many friends are shocked because they think that I will deal with college only. They used to say that "You are SET clear, so you can get government job easily", the truth is nothing can achieve easily. This is only the first step and you know the lines from Robert Frost's poem "Stopping by woods on a snowy evening" :-
"Miles to go before I sleep........" that is very much applicable to any person.


Saturday, 18 May 2019

Film Review: Kalank

5 May 2019



The film Kalank  is directed by Abhishek Varman and produced by Karan Johar, Sajid Nadiadwala, and Fox Star Studios. This can be categorised as family film without any bold scenes. While watching film I have marked many points which raise conflict in the ideologies of Rich and Poor, Man and Woman, Hindu and Muslim. This is not mere romance drama but there is Pre-Partition rumblings.
Flashback technique is used in which Roop (Alia Bhatt) narrates entire events to the journalist and in between the narration, film is taking shape. Costumes, Lights, Camera etc is perfect. Set is highly decorative which catch the eyes of audience. There is one extra scene in which Zafar( Varun Dhawan) is fighting with Bull. That is useless computerized scene and nothing is connected to proceed the story. This is serious scene but makes audience laugh because of bad computer graphics in which the horrible bull is looking funny while jumping just like any animated cartoon.


1. Sacrifice

In the very first scene after "Masaledar song of Rajvadi Odhni" Roop (Alia Bhatt) take serious mode of action. Satya Chaudhary (Sonakshki sinha) the rich Rajputani who is struggling between life and death wants Roop to become life partner of Dev Chaudhary (husband of Satya). Roop denied her proposal because she did not want to sacrifice her dream. But her father forced her to go with Satya because her sacrifice will make her younger sister's life easy.

The second big sacrifice is done by Satya herself because she is sacrificing her husband's love and ready to organise marriage between Roop and Dev.

The third sacrifice is done by Bahaar Begum (Madhuri Dixit) who sacrificed her son for getting love of Balraj Chaudhary (Sanjay Dutt), the father of Dev Chaudhary.

What these women get in return?
The sacrifice of these women leads to the tragic end. They didn't get anything in return, Roop has to spent entire life with Dev and has to forget her lover Zafar, who died while partition. Satya died with cancer and after her death, Dev attracted towards Roop. Bahaar Begum didn't get love by Balraj and lost everything, her son, her hope to get her love back.

2. Patriarchy

Power of patriarchy is clearly visible through the character of Balraj Chaudhary, Zafar, Dev Chaudhary. They make use of women' feeling for their own benefit. They are in ruling power because important family decision is taken by them only. This shows the real picture of society and it will take decades to change the mindset of society. Even women are accepting their rule with happiness.

Zafar, who is illegitimate child of Balraj Chaudhary wants to take revenge and therefore uses Roop, to fool her in his love trap, Balraj easily leaves Bahaar Begum when she becomes pregnant, Dev Chaudhary is ready to marry with another woman.


3. Conflict between Hindu and Muslim (Conflict between Modern and traditional ideas)

The story takes place in Husnabad city, near Lahore, where Muslims are in majority. Chaudhary family is ruling over the majority group even if they are in minority. They are not listening the problems of Blacksmith and wanted to establish huge industry. Dev Chaudhary wants to estanlich huge industry, his thoughts are modern whereas  Abdul doesn't wanted industries because he thinks that with the establishment of industry, there handwork will carry no meaning and they will loose their job. These two characters are holding different ideologies: Traditional and Modern and conflict between these ideologies.

4. Old Archetype of two lost brothers

In these story Dev and Zafar are brothers, but the truth about their relations reveal at the end of the story. Balraj himself tell this truth to Dev. This is common and very old archetype because many films have same kind of story in which two brothers realised their relationship at the end. From beginning they are fighting with each other, but when truth reveals they stop everything and becomes brothers in true sense.

Deconstruction theory

Reading with the aim of unmasking internal contradictions: In this film there is one scene in which Roop is arguing with Satya to learn music from Bahaar Begum. Satya tell her that the place Hiramndi where Bahaar Begum is living is not for noble people. But Roop wants to go there and her obstinacy forced Balraj to allow her to go there. In this scene may be the director wants to prove that in front of women stubborneess no one can win and wants to show women empowerment may. But he fails because even if she is allowed to go, she has to carry servant with her who will notice what she is doing, like a surveillance camera. It means that freedom is given in part not whole. At one hand there is theme of women empowerment and at another there is still some kind of  rule by power structure which doesn't allow them to do what they want to do.  In the next scene when Roop wants to publish her article about the story of Hiramandi then also her story got rejected by her husband. This is another example of patriarchy also. Whatever be the reason behind the rejection, the interpretation come out is that there is not full freedom for women, they got freedom in parts rather than whole.



In the end Alia Bhatt ask to audience that what they have seen in the film because there are number of possible interpretations. Some will look at film as an Political satire, some will think about conflict in religion, some will find it as only romantic film. There are different angles and it depends on the eyes of audience that what they want to look or want to interpret as per their own thinking or belief.